2015-16

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Effect of Fly Ash and GGBS on the Properties of Roller Compacted Concrete
(2016-06-22T11:22:51Z) Anudeep, Kumar; Arun, Kumar; Ashoka, GP; Mohan, Reddy
The development of the roller-compacted concrete (RCC) technology in the 1980s is considered by many as a significant breakthrough in the construction industry. RCC is now commonly used all around the world for the construction of dams and pavements, and for the rehabilitation of existing structures. This report is generated to collect state-of-the-art information on general definition, detailed history, development, various applications possible with RCC, Materials mixture proportioning, properties, design considerations, construction, and RCC related literature reviews are covered. Various literature and presentation referred to study more parameters which may impact feasibility, economy, impacts and quality parameters. In India, roller compacted concrete technology adopted by Irrigation Department, Government of Maharashtra, demonstration of RCC technology through construction of three dams. All three dams are working satisfactorily and encouraged by their performance and savings five more dam are being undertaken using this technology.
Extensive Survey Project Report
(2016-06-22T11:41:44Z) Sanath, Joshi; Santosh, Pattar; Sanju, Kumar; Shanil, P; Shivaprasad; Shreekant, Reddy; Somaprasanth, Reddy; Sulthan, M; Arvind; Manideep, B
This extensive survey project is conducted to acquire a practical knowledge and applications of theory and overcome the difficulties that could arise in field during surveying. We also learn the use of different survey instrument and to develop the te spirit at work. It also helps to develop the confidence in handling of survey project. A extensive survey project camp is usually arranged for civil engineering students. We conducted survey for a new tank project, water supply scheme, highway project old tank project. With this motive survey camp was arranged with the help of our lecturers at Ghati village, Doddaballapura Taluk, Bangalore Rural District which is 60km away from Bangalore We were able to finish the survey works under guidance of our faculties and the knowledge gained by us in our course of study.
Effect of Flyash on Stregnth Properties Offoam Concrete
(2016-06-22T11:51:26Z) Harsha, M; Prajwal, N; Amarnath, Manvi
There have been several investigations in the past on the influence of mixture composition on the properties of foam concrete. Conventionally strength is related to density alone and few model have been developed relating strength with density, porosity, gel–spaceratio, etc. Very little work has been reported in the literature in predicting the properties of foam concrete from the knowledge of itsmixture proportions. This paper discusses the development of empirical models for compressive strength and density of foam concretethrough statistically designed experiments. The response surface plots helps in visually analysing the influence of factors on the responses.The relative influence of fly ash replacement on strength and density of foam concrete is studied by comparing it with mixes without fly ash and brought out that replacement of fine aggregate with fly ash will help in increase in the strength of foam concrete at lower densitiesallowing high strength to density ratio. Confirmatory tests have shown that the relation developed by statistical treatment of experimental results can act as a guideline in the mixture proportion of foam concrete
Study Of Geopolymer Concrete Using Flyash and GGBS
(2016-06-22T12:00:06Z) Prateek, Sharan; Amit, Kumar; Sushmita, Ravi; Shubham, Rewar
Concrete is one of the fundamental materials in civil engineering especially structural industries. The purpose of this project is to experimentally investigate the effect of geopolymer concrete by replacing cement. In our project low calcium flyash based geopolymer concrete is provided. In this concretic geopolymer cement is used instead of ordinary portland cement, which is obtained from the reaction of low calcium flyash with the alkaline solution i.e. sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate.This project constitutes of testing of the geopolymer concrete cube containing varying proportion of Fly Ash and GGBS for different periods of curing. Thus, after accumulating all the materials, the molding of the samples for the longest curing period (say 28 days) is done first and kept for curing. Consecutively, the samples are then moulded for intermediate curing periods (say 28 days, 14 days and 7 days) and tested accordingly. The construction industry is in demand of ecofriendly & greener materials which are durable.As compared to the existing concrete materials fly ash is advantageous but its uses as tested against strength & durability needs to be confirmed. The project work emphasis on the research & development activity in construction materials using fly ash with geopolymers.
An Experimental Investigation on Black Cotton Soil Reinforced with Coir Fibres
(2016-06-22T12:32:48Z) Raja, Vivek; Bibek, Thapa; Amit KUmar, Yadav; Rahul
Soil is a mixture of minerals, organic matter, gases, liquids, and countless organisms that together support life on Earth. It is a mineral matter formed by the disintegration of rocks due to action of water, frost, temperature, pressure or by plant or animal life. The term „soil‟ has different connotations for scientists belonging to different disciplines. The definition given to a soil by an agriculturist or a geologist is different from the one used by a civil engineer. For a civil engineer, soils mean all naturally occurring, relatively unconsolidated earth material- organic or inorganic in character that lies above the bedrock. According to Terzaghi, soils can be broken down into their constituent particles relatively easily, such as by agitation in water.
An Experimental Investigation on Black Cotton Soil Stablized with RBI Grade-81
(2016-06-22T12:50:56Z) Nayeem, Ahmad Bhat; Sufiyan, Junaidi; Mohd., Ismail; Anmol, Bharadwaj
Nowadays, the pavements are subjected to premature failures in the form of rutting and fatigue failure. These failures are mainly attributed to increasing traffic. Heavy commercial vehicles carrying load more than the prescribed legal limit also causes severe damage to the pavements. The life of pavement also depends of strength of soil sub grade. In general, soil having CBR value less than 3% is considered as poor and is not suitable for construction. Sometimes it is not possible to avoid those types of soil during construction. One such soil is expansive soil. Expansive soils undergo significant volume change i.e., swelling and shrinkage due to changes in water content. These soils are encountered in different locations in India which vary in geological origin and swelling characteristics. Many damages have been observed to light structures and pavements due to the expansive nature of these soils. Several methods such as mechanical stabilization, chemical stabilization, additive stabilization, etc. are in practice to arrest the effects of expansive pavement sub grade. In this study, black cotton soil was considered for investigation and RBI-81 i.e., Road Building International (RBI) Grade 81 was chosen for improving the strength of the selected soil. RBI-81 is a powder composed of a number of naturally occurring compounds. It improves the structural properties of a wide range of soils. It is particularly effective with silty-clayey soil with low geo-mechanical qualities. RBI Grade 81 works by hydration reaction. The soil was tested for its index properties, compaction and strength characteristics. All the tests were carried out as per relevant IS codes. Different percentages of RBI-81 were considered to stabilize the selected soil i.e., 2%, 4% and 6%. The compaction and strength characteristics of the stabilized soil with the selected additive percentages were examined. A series of unconfined compressive strength tests were carried out on unstabilized and RBI-81 stabilized samples under both Unsoaked and soaked conditions. Curing periods of 3, 7, 14 and 28 days were considered. From the unconfined compression test results the optimum dosage for RBI-81 was determined in order to achieve 400kPa strength with 7 days curing period which is a prerequisite for sub grade soil. At this optimum additive content, CBR was determined. The effect of RBI-81 on the strength characteristics of the selected soil and optimum additive content will be reported. The effect of varied percentages curing period on strength characteristics will be reported. Also, the effect of RBI-81 stabilization on volume stability of the selected soil will be reported. In this work, one such weak soil called black cotton soil was stabilized with different percentages of RBI – 81. The consistency limits, compaction characteristics, unconfined compressive strength, free swell index and CBR of soil – RBI 81 mixture were evaluated. With the addition of RBI – 81, the plasticity index and free swell index were found to be reduced and CBR was found to be increased. Addition of RBI – 81 resulted in slight reduction in the maximum dry unit weight. The unconfined comprehensive strength of RBI – 81 treated black cotton soil was found to be increased with % of RBI – 81 and curing period.
Study on Addition of Sodium Silicate and Replacement by Silica Fume in Concrete to Achieve High Early Strength
(2016-06-22T13:08:36Z) Kuenley, Gyaltshen; Paogoumang L, Khongsai; Prabin Kumar, Bhatt; Nani, Apang
Concrete is a mixture of cement, sand, coarse aggregate and water. The successful usage of concrete is because of its versatility as can be designed to withstand harshest environments while taking on the most inspirational forms. Engineers and scientists are further trying to increase its limits with the help of innovative chemical admixtures and various supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Early SCMs consisted of natural, readily available materials like volcanic ash or diatomaceous earth. The engineering marvels like Roman aqueducts, the Coliseum are examples of this technique used by Greeks and Romans. Nowadays, most concrete mixture contains supplementary cementitious material which forms part of the cementitious component. These materials are majority by-products from other processes. The main benefits of SCMs are their ability to replace certain amount of cement and still able to display cementitious property, thus reducing the cost of using Portland cement. The fast growth in industrialization has resulted in tons and tons of byproduct or waste materials, which can be used as SCMs such as fly ash, silica fume, ground granulated blast furnace slag, steel slag etc. The use of these by products not only helps to utilize these waste materials but also enhances the properties of concrete in fresh and hydrated states.
Partial Replacement of River Sand by Steel Slag and Cement by Quarry Dust
(2016-06-22T13:17:55Z) Brillian, D; Rakesh Kumar, E; Rajath, H R; Sandesh, D'souza
Natural aggregates are becoming increasingly scarce and their production and shipment is becoming more difficult along with this, Waste management is one of the most common and challenging problems in the world. The steel making industry has generated substantial solid waste. Steel slag is a residue obtained in steel making operation. Steel slag, which is considered as the solid waste pollutant, can be used for road construction, clinker raw materials, filling materials, etc. In this work, Steel slag is used as replacement for sand, which is also a major component in concrete mixture. Most of the volume of concrete is aggregates. Replacing all or some portion of natural aggregates with steel slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. This paper deals with the implementation of Steel slag as an effective replacement for sand. Studies on compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength would be made with the optimum percentage of 75% of steel slag replacement with river sand. Quarry dust a waste from the stone crushing unit accounts 25% of the final product from stone crushing unit. This quarry dust which is released directly into environment can cause environmental pollution. To reduce the impact of the quarry dust on environment and human, this waste can be used to produce new products or can be used as admixture in concrete so that the natural resources are used efficiently and hence environmental waste can be reduced. Here quarry dust is used for partial replacement of cement in concrete for studying the strength property of concrete. The aim of the experiment is to find the maximum content of quarry dust partial replacement of cement in concrete. The percentages of quarry dust partial replacement of cement in concrete are 0, 5%,10%, 15% and 20% for M40 grade concrete.
A Study on Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with Metakaolin and Flyash and River Sand by Artificial Sand
(2016-06-22T13:23:31Z) Bharath, K J; Girish, Nayak; Ranjith, N; Prajwal, D
The present report deals with the effects of mineral admixtures, by partial replacement of cement with Metakaolin and Flyash, in terms of improved performance on Compressive and Split Tensile strength. Experimental work was carried out to investigate the effect of replacing cement with Metakaolin and Flyash partially and keeping same water cement ratio to ordinary concrete. In this program, 45cubes of size 150mmx150mmx150mm and 45 cylinders of size of diameter 150mm and length of 300mm, were cast and tested for different replacement percentages of cement with Metakaolin and Flyash. The concrete mixes had 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of Metakaolin and 15% of flyash replacing cement partially, and complete replacement of river sand with manufactured sand so as to determine the best proportion, which would give relatively high compressive and split tensile strength. It was found that concrete mix having cement replaced partially with 15% Meta kaolin & 15% Flyash & having river sand completely replaced with manufactured sand was superior to other mixes that were investigated.
Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete
(2016-06-22T13:28:05Z) Amit Kumar, Pal; Ashishkumar, P S
plain concrete possess very low tensile strength, limited ductility and little resistance to cracking .Internal micro cracks are inherently present in concrete and its poor tensile strength is due to propagation of such micro cracks. Fibres when added in certain percentage in the concrete improve the strain properties well as crack resistance, ductility, as flexure strength and toughness. Mainly the studies and research in fiber reinforced concrete has been devoted to steel fibers. In recent times, glass fibres have also become available, which are free from corrosion problem associated with steel fibres. The present paper outlines the experimental investigation conducts on the use of glass fibres with structural concrete. CEM-FILL anti crack, high dispersion, alkali resistance glass fibre of diameter 14 micron, having an aspect ratio 857 was employed in percentages , varying from 0.33 to1 percentage by weight in concrete and the properties of this FRC (fibre reinforced concrete) like compressive strength, flexure strength, toughness, modulus of elasticity were studied.
A Case Study of Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Bellandur Lake Water
(2016-06-22T13:33:35Z) Aditya, Barrela; Piyush, Bazimaya; Subhash, Adhikari; Ngehang, Nogbi
Most lake pollution problems are caused by nutrients, contaminants, and sediments carried into the lakes. Soil particles carry more than 90 percent of the organic nitrogen and phosphorus originating from upland agricultural practices (Wilkin and Hebel, 1982). Sediments come from all over the land and thus have nonpoint sources, whereas nutrients can have both nonpoint and point sources. In a typical watershed, nutrients may come from sewage, wastewater, agricultural and urban runoff, and atmospheric fallout. In recent years, heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides and high rates of soil erosion have increased the severity of the problem. High concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus are the main causes of algal growth, which results in the deterioration of the lake water quality. Algae have a very high growth potential, many times more than any land-based plant system, and respond quickly to nutrient inputs which act as fertilizers. Water pollution has been a major issue as water forms an important component of our day-to-day activity. Excess nutrients either from sewage discharge, industrial discharge or agricultural runoff add to the imbalance in the dynamics of water quality. Bellandur Lake occupies 4.8% of city area and maximum sewage entering the lake is 600 MLD.

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