2015-16

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A 2 Step Random Colour Grid Authentication
(2016-07-22T09:09:13Z) Roopa, M; Prathika, L; Swarna, A; Purushothaman, G R
Security in the computer is largely supported by passwords for authentication process. Lack of security has become a major concern, given the prevalence of attackers, hackers, crackers, scammers and spammers Alphanumeric passwords still remain as the most common Authentication method. This conventional authentication method has been shown to be susceptible security threats such as phishing attack, brute force attack, dictionary attack, spyware attack etc. To overcome the vulnerabilities of traditional methods, a numerous graphical password authentication systems have been designed as a possible security enhancement. These graphical passwords are usually seen as complex and time consuming. Furthermore, the existing graphical passwords are susceptible to spyware and shoulder surfing attacks. In this report we propose this 2 step random color grid graphical password scheme to abolish the above mentioned well known security threats. Considering the drawbacks of the existing graphical password systems, we have proposed a robust graphical password scheme, which is highly adaptable for traditional desktop systems, smart phones and other web applications
Background Models for Tracking Objects on Water Surface
(2016-07-14T11:38:28Z) Pratheeksha, J; Shreeya, P; Susmetha, K C; Nandini, M
Object tracking is the process of segmenting an object of interest from a video scene. The main goal of object tracking is to locate a moving object over time using camera. It is under the domain Image Processing. This project presents a Novel Background Analysis (NBA) technique to enable robust tracking of objects in water based scenarios. In water based scenarios, waves caused by wind or by moving vessels (wakes) form highly correlated moving patterns that confuse traditional background analysis models. In this work we introduce Detecting Contiguous Outliers in Low Rank Representation (DECOLOR) and Adaptive Dynamic Group Sparsity (AdaDGS) methods that explicitly models this type of background variation. Using DECOLOR method, the background is registered and then subtracted by comparing frames, resultant of which is a frame that contains only object, that is sent to AdaDGS method, where noise is eliminated by grouping the similar vector and removing the dissimilar ones. Then by using BLOB analysis method, the region of the object is masked. Therefore, we obtain an image where high amount of noise is eliminated. These methods can converge well to the current background dynamics more rapidly and accurately and also works well in highly textured environments. Therefore, effectively removes the noise and thereby increases the quality of the image.
Biometric Authentication for Accident Victims During Emergencies
(2016-07-14T11:26:05Z) Divya, Kumari; Manoj, Sharma; Meghashrita, Kashyap; Akansha, Pandey
This project aims at developing a biometric device for authenticating an accident victim’s identity through his/her fingerprint in case of emergencies wherein the person is found unconscious without any identity proof thereby reducing the time taken for the initial treatment of the person and hence minimizing the risk of death due to delay in the treatment process. Initially, people are required to register themselves with any hospital providing their personal details like their contact no., family/relatives contact details, blood group and a brief medical history. The proposed system makes use of a fingerprinting device which will read the patient’s fingerprint and sends a request to the central server which contains the fingerprint template and the corresponding hospital id in which the patient’s id is stored. The hospital searches for the patient’s details and sends it to the hospital which requested the central server for it. This paper also uses the GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) technology which is one of the most widely used telecommunications standard in the world. It is used to send alert messages to the victims /patient’s registered family members or relatives. In emergency cases when the patient is unconscious, using this method, hospital will get the information and using the GSM module they can intimate the patient’s family.
CCOS Detection and Security in Wireless Sensor Network
(2016-07-22T08:27:57Z) Bhuvitha, R; Sameer S, Nayak; Sandeep, R; Shailaja, C
A wireless sensor network can get disunited into multiple connected components due to the failure of some of its nodes, which is called a “cut”. Here consider the quandary of detecting cuts by the remaining nodes of a wireless sensor network. Here propose an algorithm that sanctions (i) every node to detect when the connectivity to a specially designated node has been lost, and (ii) one or more nodes (that are connected to the special node after the cut) to detect the occurrence of the cut. The algorithm is distributed and asynchronous: every node needs to communicate with only those nodes that are within its communication range. The algorithm is predicated on the iterative computation of a fictitious “electrical potential” of the nodes. The convergence rate of the underlying iterative scheme is independent of the size and structure of the network. All cut nodes information is been updated and engendered into a log file of system and filtered log records of cut nodes are maintained. Keywords-wireless sensor network, node, cut, electrical potential, distributed, asynchronous.
Cloud Based Smart Parking System using Internet of Things
(2016-07-22T08:51:34Z) Aishwarya D, Kuchalli; Anitha, Ravichandran; Debarupa, Rakshit; Madhu, R
This paper introduces a novel algorithm that increases the efficiency of the current cloud-based smart-parking system and develops a network architecture based on the Internet-of-Things technology. This paper proposes a system that helps users automatically find a free parking space at the least cost based on new performance metrics to calculate the user parking cost by considering the distance and the total number of free places in each car park. This cost will be used to offer a solution of finding an available parking space upon a request by the user and a solution of suggesting a new car park if the current car park is full. The simulation results show that the algorithm helps improve the probability of successful parking and minimizes the user waiting time. We also successfully implemented the proposed system in the real world.
Demonstrating State Awareness in Cyber - Road Traffic Control System
(2016-07-14T12:06:41Z) Sarang, Sakethathil; Jayashree, B.S; Meghana, S; Mohammed Nafeel, K P
State awareness plays major role in developing resiliency in cyber-physical system where the environment is diverse in nature. State awareness ensures that when faced with a threat, knowledge of unacceptable control system behaviour is maintained. That is, the system needs to identify when a fault is going to occur by understanding the present situation We apply the state awareness in cyber road traffic control system to monitor the traffic system. Cyber-physical system is modelled with Multi Agent Paradigm and biological inspired Danger Theory based- Dendritic Cell Algorithm Methodology is applied towards developing state awareness. The proposed methodology uses Threshold-based agent population concentration to define each state toward indicates different state awareness on resiliency in cyber-physical system. This achieves new proposal of state awareness algorithm. The Algorithm is validated with simulation results as well numerical analyses. By using the state awareness on the road traffic system we can find the components when it fails to perform its job by interacting with its environment. Also we compare our approach with already existing approach and show that our approach is more accurate.
Detection of Severity in Diabetic Retinopathy
(2016-07-14T11:56:48Z) Arun, V M; Sudarshan; Sunil, Mudhol; Sridhara, M
Automated early detection of exudates in retinal images is a challenging task. With the global diabetic population increasing at an alarming rate, there is need for development of automated systems for detection of exudates. In several patients, the only visible symptoms of Diabetic retinopathy are Exudates. The main obstacle in exudates detection is extreme variability of colour and contrast in retinal images that depends on the degree of pigmentation, size of the pupil and illumination. The aim of this project is to automate the system to detect and grade the severity of Diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic patients who have had diabetes for more than five years are likely to develop some form of Diabetic Retinopathy. Only regular screening can result in early detection and effective management of Diabetic Retinopathy. Patients should get their both eyes screened at least once in a year. These screening programs generate large number of images and processing of which is time consuming process. Automated diabetic Retinopathy can save time and reduce the workload of ophthalmologists. Developing strategies for screening large population for early detection of Diabetic Retinopathy is engaging attention of several groups in India. Automated grading is less costly and of similar effectiveness, it is likely to be considered a cost effective alternative to manual grading.
Dynamic Resolving of Image Edge Detection Techniques
(2016-07-22T08:58:40Z) Amrita S, Menon; Ashwini, A; Bhavyashree, B T; C Neshwa, Salih
Image processing is the analysis and manipulation of a digitized image, especially in order to improve its quality. Edge detection is an image processing technique for finding the boundaries and edges of objects within images. The main purpose of edge detection is to simplify the image data in order to minimize the amount of data to be processed. Edge detection can be used to enhance the image by filtering the noise in X-ray images, satellite images etc. Canny, LoG, and Sobel are the three most widely used techniques for edge detection. These techniques are not suitable for all images because all these techniques have its advantages and disadvantages and varying levels of noise. An adaptive edge-detection algorithm is necessary to provide a robust solution that is adaptable to the varying noise levels. We propose an adaptive edge-detection algorithm that chooses among the Canny algorithm, Sobel algorithm, and the LoG algorithm at dynamic time based on the PSNR value, the one with more PSNR value is selected and given as output. Thus, we provide a robust solution that is adaptable to the varying noise levels. The output is an image with the edges detected from the input image. Eclipse, a java based open source platform is used to develop the system. The system is implemented using native Java API’s which is a programming framework that enables to run java code. Eclipse uses WindowBuilder as a plug-in to build the interface.
Flatcare Household Administrator
(2016-07-14T11:35:21Z) Nagesh, H R; Rachana, R; Sameena, Taqui; Deepthi K, Bhat
The system is a web based application that allows multiple accesses concurrently. A web portal is an efficient way to carry on daily household activities. Flatcare makes all this possible just by accessing your laptops or even by just a touch on our Smartphone. The system must maintain a central base of information.  The system should provide all the information about residents and building employees which should be accessible.  The system should provide a medium for residents to lodge complains.  Residents should be able to view track building security guards, value added service, payment gateway, parking management, social media, infrastructure management and many more. In the current approach employed by most apartments, residents have no communication medium between other residents and committee members within the community, also there is no passage of information. This causes an inconvenience to all the residents. The proposed system is to develop a web portal which connects the residents of the apartment. All the above mentioned issues of communication, reminders, accessibility are dealt with in this. The expected functionalities of the ‘to be system’ is to be an online system which allows online transactions that makes it convenient to carry out everyday activities such as paying bills, booking party halls, parking spaces, notifications for events, SMS alerts, polling for committee elections and so on.
Implementing CST InMetathinking Layer Of CSIA In Agricultural Isses For Higher Level OF Intelligence
(2016-07-22T09:03:31Z) N., Srineja; Pavitra, .N; Sushma, D S; Vishwitha, N
The idea of applying robotics technology in agriculture is very new. In agriculture, the opportunities for robot-enhanced productivity are immense and the robots are appearing on farms in various forms and in increasing numbers. We can expect the robots performing agricultural operations autonomously such as spraying and mechanical weed control, fruit picking, watching the farms day and night for an effective report, allowing farmers to reduce the environmental impact, increase precision and efficiency, and manage individual plants in novel ways. The present project is one among those, which involves improvement in the fruit picking robot. The limitations of existing fruit picking robots were mainly in their inability of distinguishing from the ripped and the unripen fruit. Development of cognitive architecture where the agents at different levels exhibit different levels of thinking.Implementing CST in learning layer of CSIA in agricultural issues for higher level of intelligence.
Machine Learning in Soil Classification and Crop Detection
(2016-07-14T11:22:08Z) Abhishek, Gowda N S; Ashwini, Rao; Janhavi, U; Manjunatha
This paper describes the SVM based classification and grading of soil samples using different scientific features. Different algorithms and filters are developed to acquire and process the colour images of the soil samples. These developed algorithms are used to extract different features like colour, texture, etc. Different soil types like red, black, clay, alluvial, etc are considered. The classification makes use of Support Vector Machine, machine learning technique. SVM seeks to fit an optimal hyper plane between the classes and uses only some of the training samples that lie at the edge of the class distributions in feature space (support vectors). This should allow the definition of the most informative training samples prior to the analysis. The accuracy of a supervised classification is dependent to a large extent on the training data used. Till now classification of soil and classification of crop for the appropriate soil is done separately. This project aims at combining both the techniques, where classification of crop for appropriate soil is a part of classification of soil.
Map Reduce based Analysis of Live Website Traffic integrated with improved Performance for Small files using Hadoop
(2016-07-14T12:03:19Z) Sangeetha, D; Sannutha S, Holla; Sushmitha, R; Vaibhav, Shekar
Hadoop, an open source java framework deals with big data. It has mainly two core components: HDFS (Hadoop distributed file system) which stores large amount of data in a reliable manner and another is MapReduce which is a programming model which processes the data in a parallel and distributed manner. Hadoop does not perform well for small files as a large number of small files pose a heavy burden on the NameNode of HDFS and an increase in execution time for MapReduce is encountered. Hadoop is designed to handle huge size files and hence suffers a performance penalty while dealing with large number of small files. This research work gives an introduction to HDFS, small file problem and existing methods to deal with it along with the proposed approach to handle small files. In proposed approach, merging of small files is done using MapReduce programming model on Hadoop. This approach improves the performance of Hadoop in handling small files by ignoring the files whose size is larger than the block size of Hadoop and also reduces the memory required by NameNode to store them. We also propose a Traffic analyzer with the combination of Hadoop and Map- Reduce paradigm. The joint of Hadoop and MapReduce programming tools makes it possible to provide batch analysis in minimum response time and memory computing capacity in order to process log in a highly available, efficient and stable way
Online Bus Pass Generation System Based on Aztec Code
(2016-07-22T08:31:44Z) Abhisek, Chowdhury; Akshay, K; Keerthana, D; Manjula, K
The online bus pass generation system based on Aztec code project, aims at providing an effective solution to provide online bus pass facility for daily commuters. This project has been implemented in order to facilitate the users to get their bus passes online. The users can apply for their bus passes by first registering with their basic details. After registration, the user can apply for their bus passes by uploading their photographs, identity cards and filling in their other basic details. The documents on submission will be received at the administrator’s end. The system administrator then verifies if the documents are correct. If the documents are found to be correct, then the administrator approves the user request for the pass. The system for this reason has been designed with two logins, one for the administrator, and the other for the user. On approval of the pass, the system generates the pass, with all the details entered by the user. The generated bus pass contains an Aztec code, which contains the unique id number encoded for verification.
A Privacy Aware Authentication Scheme for Distributed Mobile Cloud Computing Services
(2016-07-14T11:31:37Z) Avinash, B; B L, Gopinath; C U, Kushalappa; Dilip Kumar, H
In modern societies, the number of mobile users has dramatically risen in recent years. In this project, an efficient authentication scheme for distributed mobile cloud computing services is proposed. The proposed scheme provides security and convenience for mobile users to access multiple mobile cloud computing services from multiple service providers using only a single private key. The security strength of the proposed scheme is based on bilinear pairing cryptosystem and dynamic nonce generation. In addition, the scheme supports mutual authentication, key exchange, user anonymity, and user untraceability. From system implementation point of view, verification tables are not required for the trusted smart card generator (SCG) service and cloud computing service providers when adopting the proposed scheme. In consequence, this scheme reduces the usage of memory spaces on these corresponding service providers. In one mobile user authentication session, only the targeted cloud service provider needs to interact with the service requestor (user). The trusted SCG serves as the secure key distributor for distributed cloud service providers and mobile clients. In the proposed scheme, the trusted SCG service is not involved in individual user authentication process. With this design, our scheme reduces authentication processing time required by communication and computation between cloud service providers and traditional trusted third party service. Formal security proof and performance analyses are conducted to show that the scheme is both secure and efficient.
Privacy Preserving and Detection of Packet Dropping Attacks in Wireless AD HOC Networks
(2016-07-14T12:13:29Z) Elizabeth, Varghese; Kavya, Ravindren; Monalisa; Sunandini, Kumari
Link error and malicious packet dropping are two sources for packet losses in multi-hop wireless ad hoc network. While observing a sequence of packet losses in the network, whether the losses are caused by link errors only, or by the combined effect of link errors and malicious drop are to be identified. In the insider-attack case, whereby malicious nodes that are part of the route exploit their knowledge of the communication context to selectively drop a small amount of packets critical to the network performance. Because the packet dropping rate in this case is comparable to the channel error rate, conventional algorithms that are based on detecting the packet loss rate cannot achieve satisfactory detection accuracy. To improve the detection accuracy, the correlations between lost packets is identified. Homomorphic linear authenticator (HLA) based public auditing architecture is developed that allows the detector to verify the truthfulness of the packet loss information reported by nodes. This construction is privacy preserving, collusion proof, and incurs low communication and storage overheads. To reduce the computation overhead of the baseline scheme, a packet-block based mechanism is also proposed, which allows one to trade detection accuracy for lower computation complexity.
Secure and Verifiable Policy Update Outsourcing for Big Data Access Control in Cloud
(2016-07-22T08:36:33Z) Saurabh, Kumar; Shahn, Sayeed; Shariq, Hussain; Shubham, Saraf
Nowadays the number of users in cloud computing are increasing enormously due to its advantage of providing flexible storage requirement. Due to the high volume and velocity of big data, it is an effective option to store big data in the cloud. Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) is a capable technique to ensure the end-to-end security of big data in the cloud. However, the policy updating has always been a challenging issue when ABE is used to construct access control schemes. A trivial implementation is to let data owners retrieve the data and re-encrypt it under the new access policy, and then send it back to the cloud. This method, however, incurs a high communication overhead and heavy computation burden on data owners. In this project, a novel scheme is proposed that enables efficient access control with dynamic policy updating for big data in the cloud. It also focuses on developing an outsourced policy updating method for ABE systems. This method can avoid the transmission of encrypted data and minimize the computation work of data owners, by making use of the previously encrypted data with old access policies. Moreover, it proposes a policy updating algorithms for different types of access policies. Finally, an efficient and secure method is developed that allows data owner to check whether the cloud server has updated the cipher texts correctly. The analysis shows that our policy updating outsourcing scheme is correct, complete, secure and efficient.
Secure Data Aggregation Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks in the Presence of Collusion Attacks
(2016-07-14T12:00:33Z) Abhishek, Deb; Akhil N, Gaikwad; Varun, D R; Vishnu, S
Due to limited computational power and energy resources, aggregation of data from multiple sensor nodes done at the aggregating node is usually accomplished by simple methods such as averaging. However such aggregation is known to be highly vulnerable to node compromising attacks. Since WSN are usually unattended and without tamper resistant hardware, they are highly susceptible to such attacks. Thus, ascertaining trustworthiness of data and reputation of sensor nodes is crucial for WSN. As the performance of very low power processors dramatically improves, future aggregator nodes will be capable of performing more sophisticated data aggregation algorithms, thus making WSN less vulnerable. Iterative filtering algorithms hold great promise for such a purpose. Such algorithms simultaneously aggregate data from multiple sources and provide trust assessment of these sources, usually in a form of corresponding weight factors assigned to data provided by each source. To address security issue, an improvement for iterative filtering techniques is proposed by providing an initial approximation for such algorithms which makes them not only collusion robust, but also more accurate and faster converging.
A Secure Data Self Destructing in Cloud Computing Environment
(2016-07-14T11:42:00Z) V, Pooja; Keerthi Kumar, C; Monisha, Sharma; Astitva, Kumar
Cloud computing is considered as the next step in the evolution of on-demand information technology which combines a set of existing and new techniques from research areas such as service-oriented architectures (SOA) and virtualization. With the rapid development of versatile cloud computing technology and services, it is routine for users to leverage cloud storage services to share data with others in a friend circle, e.g., Dropbox, Google Drive and AliCloud. He shared data in cloud servers, however, usually contains sers‘ sensitive information (e.g., personal profile, financial data, health records, etc.) and needs to be well protected. As the ownership of the data is separated from the administration of them, the cloud servers may migrate users‘ data to other cloud servers in outsourcing or share them in cloud searching. Therefore, it becomes a big challenge to protect the privacy of those shared data in cloud, especially in cross-cloud and big data environment. In order to meet this challenge, it is necessary to design a comprehensive solution to support user-defined authorization period and to provide fine-grained access control during this period. The shared data should be self destroyed after the user-defined expiration time. One of the methods to alleviate the problems is to store data as a common encrypted form. The disadvantage of encrypting data is that the user cannot share his/her encrypted data at a fine-grained level. When a data owner wants to share someone his/her information, the owner must know exactly the one he/she wants to share with.
Secure Distributed Deduplication Systems With Improved Reliability
(2016-07-14T11:29:00Z) Chaitra, R; Divya, Jayaprada L; J Megha, Shree; Mohmmed Jabir, Hussain
Data deduplication is a technique for eliminating duplicate copies of data, and has been widely used in cloud storage to reduce storage space and upload bandwidth. However, there is only one copy for each file stored in cloud even if such a file is owned by a huge number of users. As a result, deduplication system improves storage utilization while reducing reliability. Further more the challenge of privacy for sensitive data also arises when they are outsourced by users to cloud. Aiming to address the above security challenges, this paper makes the first attempt to formalize the notion of distributed reliable deduplication system. We propose new distributed deduplication systems with higher reliability in which the data chunks are distributed across multiple cloud servers .The security requirements of data confidentiality and tag consistency are also achieved by introducing a deterministic secret sharing scheme in distributed storage systems, instead of using convergent encryption as in previous deduplication systems. Security analysis demonstrates that our deduplication systems are secure in terms of the definitions specified in the proposed security model. As a proof of concept, we implement the proposed systems and demonstrate that the incurred overhead is very limited in realistic environments.
Smart I-Card
(2016-07-14T11:18:51Z) Rahul Chandra, Das; Rahul, Yadav; Ravi, Kumar; Subhadip, Mondal
Since there are lot of problems arising while handling cash and associated security, we have come up with an idea of „SMART I-CARDS‟ .Students will be provided with additional functionality of storing cash in their I-cards which will help them in making secure transactions and resolve problems related to change availability. The card will be scanned with the help of barcode scanner or magnetic card reader. A limit will be provided in card for storing cash which will have to be recharged in case of low balance. A database will be maintained to store card related information such as student ID, balance, pin , transaction history etc. A pin is provided with card for security so that even if the card is lost it will be of no value without its pin. Features like card blocking and changing pin can be made available for additional convenience. Existing system such as PAYTM, APPLEPAY already exist but they are global in nature. A campus specific system is introduced through this project. This I-Card will be applicable to almost all campus related transaction. This idea can be implemented at a larger scale by making the card applicable to more number of institutions and campuses. This is a significant step towards making life of students and faculties more comfortable in campus and towards making college campuses more digital, efficient and accurate in nature.

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