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Item Tribological Characterisation of AL2024 Reinforced with Alumina(2016-07-22T08:14:40Z) Deepak, Shandilya; Md Majid, Ahmed; Parag, Bhuiya; S, SankalpMetal matrix composites (MMCs) possess significantly improved properties including high specific strength; specific modulus, damping capacity and good wear resistance compared to unreinforced alloys. There has been an increasing interest in composites containing low density and low cost reinforcements. In this study typical 2024 aluminium alloy was reinforced with alumina fibres using standard squeeze casting method. Composites with alumina as reinforcement are likely to overcome the cost barrier for wide spread applications in automotive and small engine applications. Now a days the particulate reinforced aluminium matrix composite are gaining importance because of their low cost with advantages like isotropic properties and the possibility of secondary processing facilitating fabrication of secondary components. The present investigation has been focused on the utilization of alumina in useful manner by dispersing it into aluminium to produce composites by stir casting method.Item Fabrication of Small Scale Sugarcane Harvesting Machine(2016-07-21T11:16:53Z) Kishore K, Reddy; Sagar, M H; Narayana, Swamy; SiddalingIn today’s competitive world there is a need for faster rate of production of agricultural products. Agriculture is the backbone of India. In India almost all farmers facing problems of labour shortage. Day by day labour wages are increasing and in the same way demand of agriculture products are also increasing and today’s world need faster rate of production of agriculture products. This project aims to design and fabricate small scale sugarcane harvesting machine for sugarcane harvesting to reduce farmer’s effort and to increase production of agricultural products. Machine consists of petrol engine and different mechanisms are used in this machine. When compare to manual harvesting by using this machine has a capacity to cut canes in faster rate and it is economical. The machine is helpful for both whom having small or big farms.Item Improvement of the cooling requirement of crew members using NX software Type (CFD Analysis)(2016-07-21T11:10:48Z) Geoffrey, Royan G J; Francis Jacob, ChalisseryThe present study involves the Comparison, Modeling and Analysis of Ducting for the Air- Conditioning system used on the Schilka Weapon Control System. The upgrading of the Air-conditioning unit is to improve the habitable environment for the crew. The optimum temperature for the crew to work while using the Nuclear Biological Chemical (NBC) warfare protection suit is not more than 28 °C. The Air-conditioning system is based upon the spot cooling principle. The modeling is carried out on SOLID WORKS 2013 and post modeling Computational fluid dynamics analysis is done on the NX6 analysis software. The results obtained from the current system are taken as a base-line. Heat gain and Pressure drop are identified as problems and rectified using insulation and repositioning of distribution box and remodeling of the Air Conditioning unit’s Ducting.Item Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Al2O3 Particle Reinforced 2024 Aluminium Alloy Composite(2016-07-21T11:06:33Z) Balakrishna, B; C Sri Ganesh Kumar, Reddy; CH, Chaitanya; K Madan, RajModern day‘s technology thrives on sophisticated, improved, much stronger materials for its development. Aerospace industries, Automotive industries, Defense Sector, etc. relies on stronger but lightweight materials. In this perspective, Alloys of Aluminium and titanium are researched upon in a large scale. Aluminium alloys provide the benefit of light weight with high stiffness and high strength compared to other alloys. Composite materials are another advantageous boon of modern science. They provide much more benefits compared to Alloys as they can be made of two or more dissimilar materials, and there is an extra zone of comfort where compromises with respect to the properties are not necessary. This project is carried out to study the behaviour of Aluminium matrix composite reinforced with Alumina. The effect of varying the volume fraction of Alumina on the mechanical behaviour of the composite is studied. The project is carried out in three phases namely, Fabrication, Machining and Testing.Testshave been conducted under laboratory condition to assess the mechanical characteristics of the Aluminium 2024 – Alumina composite. This has been possible by fabricating the samples through usual stir casting technique. The entire project report is divided into 7 chapters with due importance given for individual topics like Composite materials, Aluminium alloys, Alumina and the actual project work.Item Study on Mechanical Charactericterization of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Composites with and without Filler(2016-07-21T11:00:25Z) Bharath Bushan, Reddy N; Suraj S, Hegde; Pratish R, Reddy; Akhil, A PA typical composite is a material system composed of two or more constituent elements mixed and bonded on macroscopic scale. Generally, a composite material is composed of reinforcement embedded in a matrix. The matrix holds the reinforcement to form desired shape while reinforcement improves the overall, mechanical and wear properties of the matrix. When designed properly the newly combined material exhibits better properties than would each individual constituent element. To improve the properties further ceramic or a natural filler material could be added to the matrix. The main objective of the present work is to develop and characterize a new class of natural fiber epoxy matrix composite reinforced with coir and jute fiber and saw dust as filler material. Mechanical properties were evaluated by conducting tensile test in accordance with ASTM D638, flexural test in accordance with ASTM D790, Impact test and Shore D hardness test in accordance with ASTM D-2240. The results suggested that the addition of saw dust filler to natural fiber reinforced epoxy composites improved the mechanical strength.Item Power Generation from Speed Breaker(2016-07-21T10:43:17Z) D.S Allen, Edberg; M. Kunal, Jain; Shravan, Pallakal; B.Vinod Kumar, ReddyIn the present scenario power becomes major need for human life. Due to day-to-day increase in population and lessen of the conventional sources, it becomes necessary that we must depend on non-conventional sources for power generation. While moving, the vehicles posses some kinetic energy and it is being wasted. This kinetic energy can be utilized to produce power by using a special arrangement called “POWER HUMP”. The Kinetic energy of moving vehicles can be converted into mechanical energy of the shaft through rack and pinion mechanism. This shaft is connected to the electric dynamo and it produces electrical energy proportional to traffic density. This generated power can be regulated by using Zener diode for continuous supply.All this mechanism can be housed under the dome like speed breaker, which is called hump.The generated power can be used for general purpose like streetlights, traffic signals. The electrical output can be improved by arranging these power humps in series this generated power can be amplified and stored by using different electric devices. The maintenance cost of hump is almost nullified. By adopting this arrangement, we can satisfy the future demands to some extent.Item Design and Analysis of Magnetic Scissor Lift(2016-07-21T10:33:16Z) Md.Asadulla, Shariff; Abhay Pratap, Singh; Akshay, RathorConventionally a scissor lift is used for lifting a load, to lift the body to appreciable height and many other applications. Also such lifts can be used for various purposes like maintenance and many material handling operations.They have a steady platform to work on surrounded by railed structure for safety measures.The name has been derived from the shape of the struts under the work platform , which are hinged and look like sets of scissor connected together. With ceaseless development of science and technology, more and more new types of technologies are applied to lift. The aim of this project is that it is easy to operate, cost effective and portable so that it will be used conveniently at industries, service center, domestic purposes and for the maintenance of the buildings etc. It is having more moving parts which may require only lubrication.Item Design and Development of 2R 2DOF Force Controlled Robot(2016-07-21T10:10:22Z) Anuraag; Vinayak, Hegde; Shiva Kumar, M V; Sriram, SSocial changes have directly affected the demand for quality products and services which is evident from greater demand for manufactured products of superior quality at a more economical price. To meet this demand of customers, sophisticated controls and equipments have been developed in all sectors adopting newer technology in association with integrating different technologies. In line with integration a revolutionary change has taken place in the field of robotics whereon robots are developed to attain higher accuracy in speed position and force control. Thus force controlled robotic arm is used to guide an operator to move in designated path accurately without actually deviating from the path. It can be used in various production areas like welding, gluing, Sequential tightening of bolts etc. The major use of these kinds of robotic arms is that we can achieve the same degree of accuracy, precision and quality produced by a skilled worker from an unskilled worker. Thus reducing unemployment in developing countries which have huge unemployment rates that too in a very less cost.Item Implementation of Dry Tightness in Fuel Injection Pump(2016-07-21T10:03:00Z) Pavan, R S; Sanjay, Kumar; Shazaib Imran, Sait; Varshith, RMICO (Motor Industries Co. Ltd.), a member of the BOSCH group, Germany, has contributed to India‟s status as an industrial force with in the automotive industry for over fifty years. It has been part of India‟s transition from an independent nation to an international capital of technology. Today, Bosch products play a vital role in varied sectors of the economy. It has been observed that, they perform with precision in pump sets, tractors and power tillers, in most vehicles on Indian roads, in diesel locomotives and defence applications. World class quality, inspired innovation, entrepreneurial leadership and high professionalism have made Bosch a company to be reckoned with anywhere in world, and a force that will continue to drive the Indian automotive industry through the new millennium. MICO-“Motor Industries Company Limited” Founded in 1951, Motor Industries Co. Ltd. (MICO), a member of BOSCH group, is a pioneer And acknowledged leader in diesel fuel injection equipment and spark plug. Access to state of the art technologies from BOSCH and a zealous commitment to quality have made MICO the country‟s largest manufacturer of diesel fuel injection equipment and one among the largest in the world. While its head office and high tech manufacturing facilities in Bangalore, Naganathpura near Bangalore, Nasik & Jaipur, and MICO manufactures products as diverse as industrial power tools, packaging machines, and Blaupunkt car audio systems. MICO‟s mission to delight customers is achieved through world class products as well as a nationwide network of dedicated sales and service outlets. India‟sItem Study of Mechanical Behaviour of Jute-Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composite with and without Filler(2016-07-21T09:52:36Z) Prashant Kumar, Singh; Sachin, Yadav; Saroj Kumar, Sah; Vineet Kumar, YadavA composite material can be defined as a combination of two or more materials that results in better properties than those of the individual components used alone. In contrast to metallic alloys, each material retains its separate chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. The two constituents are a reinforcement and a matrix. The main advantages of composite materials are their high strength and stiffness, combined with low density, when compared with bulk materials, allowing for a weight reduction in the finished part. The reinforcing phase provides the strength and stiffness. In most cases, the reinforcement is harder, stronger, and stiffer than the matrix. The reinforcement is usually a fiber or a particulate. Particulate composites have dimensions that are approximately equal in all directions. They may be spherical, platelets, or any other regular or irregular geometry. Particulate composites tend to be much weaker and less stiff than continuous fiber composites, but they are usually much less expensive. Particulate reinforced composites usually contain less reinforcement (up to 40 to 50 volume percent) due to processing difficulties and brittleness.Item Design and Fabrication of Autonomous Lubrication of Chain(2016-07-21T09:39:48Z) Vikas, Kumar; Utkarsh, Singh; Saroj, Kumar; Pappu, SahaMachine lubrication systems are a very important portion of manufacturing and production (automobile field) chain may dry/ rusty/ dusty after certain period. Automatic lubrication systems eliminate the need for often careless manual lubrication, providing a safer, more frequent, and opportune monitored approach to machine lubrication. However, traditional automated lubrication systems have inherent environmental and technical–economic problems. With the goal of higher machining precision, cost effectiveness, greater reduction in oil consumption, and more flexible performance.The microcontroller should be getting failure detection/correction in the lubrication system may be identified by wet sensor signals from sensitive wet sensors installed in the machine tool guide ways, with the signals reflecting the friction, wear, and loading conditions. Data collected via wet sensors, data analysis, and preparation of commanding signals are analyzed by a lubrication control unit (LCU).Item Improvement of Overall Equipment Effectiveness of Junker Machine in Camshaft Value Stream(2016-07-21T09:27:32Z) Chinmaya C, Bharadwaj; Praveen; Rohit R, Shetty; Sourabh, MagadumOverall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is a hierarchy of metrics developed by Seiichi Nakajima in the 1960s to evaluate how effectively a manufacturing operation is utilized. An OEE value of 100% is only purely theoretical and in reality it is practically impossible to reach. Nevertheless it is possible to reach the vicinity of this value By applying the Lean Manufacturing concepts by following what is considered as the Toyota efficiency model. To apply these concepts and make the indicator measurable. The project is to increase the overall equipment effectiveness of JUNKER machine that is cam grinding machine in camshaft value stream to 92%. By reducing the losses like performance loss, organizational loss, technical loss, setup loss OEE can be achieved. Methodologies like pull evaluation, KANBAN , 5s and daily OEE tracking helps in achieving the OEE target to 92%.Item Start Speed Evaluation of Plunger Pump for Diesel Engine(2016-07-21T09:07:13Z) Karan V, Rao; Bharath, M; Keerthi, H; Bharath, KThis project deals with the determination of the minimum pump speed for starting & calibration of start map for the new high pressure pump which is being developed. Start map is pump specific & needs to be derived each time for optimizing start calibration. In order to derive start map & minimum starting speed, theoretical calculations using bulk modulus approach was used, compared & validated against test bench measurements. Measurement on common rail system test bench was done by changing the speed of the motor on the test bench and also varying the voltage supplied to the electric feed pump. By varying the electric feed pump voltage supply the flow rate and pressure were varied which in turn varied the high pressure pump efficiency. Based on theoretical & measurement the start map values were defined.Item Tribological Characteristics of Jute-Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites with and without TIO2 Filler(2016-07-21T09:00:45Z) Kamal, Patel; Sugam, Kuthiala; Somesh, Chatterjee; Shailendra, YadavA typical composite is a material composed of two or more constituents elements mixed and bonded on a macroscopic scale. Generally, a composite material is composed of reinforcement embedded in a matrix. The matrix holds the reinforcement to form desired shape while reinforcement improves the overall mechanical and wear properties of the matrix. When designed the newly combined material exhibits better properties than each individual constituent element. To improve the properties further, ceramic filler could be added to the matrix. The main objective of the present work is to develop and characterize a new class of epoxy matrix composite reinforced with Glass-Jute Fiber and titanium dioxide filler. Wear test were conducted using pin on disc testing machine in accordance with ASTM G-99 for Jute-Glass epoxy composite and Air jet Erosion Test Using ASTM G-76. Worn out Surface of the composites was analysed using Scanning electron microscope.Item Optimization of Combustion and Emission of Possive Ignition Natural Gas Engine(2016-07-21T07:31:58Z) Prashanth, Pradhan; Rahul, Radhakrishnan; Rahul, .S; Vikram, Raju .ICompressed natural gas (CNG) has long been known to be a viable alternative fuel. It is a clean fossil fuel, eco-friendly and also cheaper than conventional fossil fuels. CNG powered vehicles release up to 80% less Carbon monoxide, 20% less Carbon dioxide and 45% less hydrocarbon emission compared to gasoline powered vehicles. Lately there has been higher emphasis on decreasing the emission and increasing the efficiency of Internal Combustion engines popularly known as downsizing. With strict emission standards being drafted for the near future there is a need to optimize existing technologies. The main focus of this project is to optimize the fuel combustion process by employing various methods that make the best use of the CNG characteristics. The major parameters in scope of this project encompassoptimization of air fuel mixture and conversion of lean burn to stoichiometric engine to meet subsequent emission. By incorporating such modification there is scope to improve combustion and emission characteristics of the engine.Item Waste Heat Recovery Using Beta Type Stirling Engine(2016-07-21T07:10:04Z) Anand, Sattigeri; Basavaraj, S M; Eshwar, Chandra P; Bharath, C MWaste heat is that heat which is generated in a process by way of fuel combustion or chemical reaction, and then dumped into the environment even though it could still be reused for some useful and economic purpose. There exist today worldwide concerns about the best ways of using the deployable sources of energy, and of developing techniques to reduce pollution. This interest has encouraged research and development for re-use of the usually wasted forms of energy. There are many methods through which waste heat energy can be recovered and utilized. Stirling engines are mechanical devices working theoretically on the Stirling cycle. It uses air, hydrogen, helium, nitrogen or even vapours as working fluids. The Stirling engine offers possibility for having high efficiency engine with less exhaust emissions in comparison with the internal combustion engine. Recent trend concerns about the best ways of using the deployable sources of energy in to useful work in order to reduce the rate of consumption of fissile fuel as well as pollution. There are different ways to recover the heat available with the waste or rejected heat from different sources. Out of all the available sources, Gamma type Stirling engine is one of the most efficient devices to convert waste heat in to useful work. This review paper includes history, applications and use of beta type Stirling engine in brief. The ultimate aim is to design and develop the Beta type Stirling engine with the material available easily and it should run at lowest temperature difference with highest efficiency.Item Design and Development of Gearless Power Transmission Using Scotch Yoke Mechanism(2016-07-21T07:02:04Z) Manoj, R; Kantharaj, N; Praveen Kumar, A; Karthik, LGearless transmission which is compact and portable equipment, which is skillful and is having something practice in the transmitting power at right angle without any gears being manufactured. This project is the equipment useful to improve the quality of the gear being manufactured and can be made in less time. This project uses el-bow mechanism which is an ingenious link mechanism of slider and kinematic chain principle. This is also called as “gearless transmission mechanism” and is very useful for transmitting motion at right angles. The real time study is carried out by applying a motor to one of the shafts supported on bearings. Motion analysis is performed by running the mechanism at 15 revolutions per minute; reaction forces and reaction moment are plotted against clock run of 5 seconds by using post processor. Similar motion analysis is carried out at different higher revolutions per minute and peak values of forces and moments are taken from the plot and compared with allowable stress. Theoretical calculations are made to obtain allowable stress by making use of design data values. As a result, response of elbow rod and hub is investigated to find the permissible speed of mechanism. Further simulation is performed to verify the motion analysis results.Item Design and Fabrication of Manual and Automated Systems for Hydroponic Fodder(2016-07-21T06:56:06Z) Aneesh, Gopal; Krishna, Maruthi; Naga, Chowdary; Umakanth, B.SOn the surface, the concept of putting one kilogram of grain into a hydroponic system and producing 6 to 10 kilograms of lush green sprouts, independent of weather and at any time of year, is appealing. Though it seems like growing a lot of feed, the increase in fresh weight is due to water and most often there is a reduction in dry matter weight compared with the initial grain. Hydroponically sprouting grain is less a case of growing feed and more a case of buying in grain and spending additional, sizeable quantities of time and money to change its quality and reduce its dry matter weight. The economics and application of such a production system should be carefully examined. This report evaluates the economics of producing cereal sprouts for commercial cattle production through a hydroponic system. It looks at aspects of sprouts dry matter content and nutrient quality as well as provides methods of costing and comparing sprouts with other supplements.Item Design and Manufacture of 3D Digital Light Processing Stereo Lithography Apparatus Printer(2016-07-21T06:49:44Z) Aaron, Ralston; Avinash J, Singh; Bobby Seban, John; Chethan, KStereo lithography or SLA is an additive manufacturing process using a container of liquid UV/light-curable photopolymer "resin" and a UV light source to build parts one layer at a time. On each layer, the UV beam traces a cross-section pattern of the part onto the surface of the liquid resin. Exposure to the UV light cures, solidifies the pattern traced on the resin and adheres it to the layer above. Photo Lithography is very simple, light illuminates the resin and the resin hardens. To be more exact a quantity of light falls/shines onto the resin, if the energy quantity of that light is high enough it will induce photo polymerization of the resin. While 3-D printers are already out in the market and doing well, there is still a need for a smaller and more cost effective design. This is what we achieve to do with our project. In a conventional DLP SLA printer the print base going into the resin container which limits the size of the product being printed to the maximum depth of the container itself! Where as in our case there is no such limit as the Z-axis is scalable as the base rises up with a bottoms up approach! The aim of the project is to design an SLA printer which works "bottom up" by using a vat with a somewhat flexible, transparent bottom, and focusing the UV light, upward through the bottom of the vat. The stereolithography machine starts a print by lowering the build platform to touch the bottom of the resin-filled vat, then withdrawing upward one layer thickness (which can be as small as 10 microns). The light source we are using is a DLP projector. This light is reflected off a first surface mirror before touching the resin. This is done to reduce the height of the printer. The UV light from the projector then writes the bottom-most layer of the desired part upward through the transparent vat bottom, and the photopolymer hardens selectively where the light strikes. An advantage of this bottom-up mode is that the build volume can be much bigger than the vat itself, and only enough photopolymer is needed to keep the bottom of the build vat continuously full of photopolymer. Often a depth of only a centimeter or two of liquid photopolymer is adequate to print tall, thin structures 10 cm tall. Thus, bottom-up printing exposes far less photopolymer resin to atmospheric oxygen and room light which can degrade or prematurely harden the photopolymer and so decreases waste of the expensive photopolymer.Item Study on Tribological Characterization of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Composites with and without Filler(2016-07-21T06:44:46Z) Preetham, MJ; Ananda Kumar, P; Uday, CD; Madhav, KrishnaMaterials make modern life possible—from the polymers in the chair we sit on, the metal ball-point pen we use, and the concrete that made the building we live or work in to the materials that make up streets and highways and the car we drive. All these items are products of materials science and technology. Briefly defined, materials science is the study of “stuff.” Materials science is the study of solid matter, inorganic and organic. Materials science and technology is a multidisciplinary approach to science that involves designing, choosing, and using three major classes of materials—metals, ceramics, and polymers. Wood also could be used. Another class of materials used is composites, which are made of a combination of materials. Materials science combines many areas of science. Because of the interdisciplinary nature of materials science, it can be used both as an introductory course to interest students in science and engineering and also as an additional course to expand the horizons of students already taking science and mathematics courses.