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Item Green Energy Generation by Integration of Solar & Magnetically Coupled Motor Generator for Domestic & Industrial Lighting & Cooling(2016-07-12T12:18:29Z) Vishal Jayanth, Raj J; Nischal, Prakash B P; Shwetha, P LMain aim of our project is to reduce the loads and peak loads on power generating grids by isolating lighting and cooling units. Day by day load demands on the power grids is increasing and we are a not able to produce adequate power to fulfil the daily demands and power plants are striving hard to fulfil the demands by operating at peak loads but then too the power generated is not sufficient so it is necessary to find alternative sources of energy which is eco-friendly, and due to long transmission lines even losses are increased in which efficiency of grid decreases. So we have designed a project which isolates lighting and cooling loads which is operating under power grids by making use of green energy by means of magnetically coupled motor generator and solar panel. In our project we present and discuss design of green energy generation by integration of solar and magnetically coupled motor generator for domestic & industrial lighting & cooling. Solar is one among the green sources of energy. We are harvesting solar energy using photovoltaic cells. A solar charge controller having the following dual functions is also used. Their functions are 1) To ensure constant power supply to the battery bank, 2) To isolate as load as it is efficient, eco-friendly and consumes less power resulting in long life of led loads. The battery bank from the supply once its fully charged. LED lights & LCD display also used. Permanent magnets are widely used in a wide range of applications like battery powered electric vehicles, wheel chairs, conveyors, welding equipment etc. Solar energy is the most abundant stream of energy.. Solar energy has the source of green energy. Its potential is 178 Billion MW, Which is about 20,000 times the world‟s demand. Sun sends out energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. Solar power is a form of energy harnessed from the power and heat of the sun‟s rays. It is green, and therefore a “green” source of energy. In this project we use the solar energy for generation systems are having fixed solar panels whose efficiency of generation is less.Item Accident Zone Detector with Speed Control(2016-07-12T12:13:57Z) Ganapati; Abhishek, KS; Nilanjan, Sen; Prasan, TamangThe project is designed to provide a soft and smooth start to a 3 phase induction motor. The three phase induction motor during the initial starting condition draws up much higher current than its capacity and the motor instantly reaches the full speed. This results in a mechanical jerk and high electrical stress on the windings of the motor. Sometimes the windings may get burnt. The induction motor should start smoothly and gradually catch up the speed for a safer operation. This project is designed to give a soft start to the induction motor based on the SCR firing triggered by heavily delayed firing angle during starting and then gradually reducing the delay till it reaches zero voltage triggering. This results in low voltage during start and then gradually to full voltage. Thus the motor starts slowly and then slowly picks up to full speed. This project consists of a six anti-parallel SCRs, two for each phase, the output of which is connected to a set of lamps representing the coils of a 3 phase induction motor. The charging and discharging of capacitors is interfaced to comparators resulting in delayed firing pulses during start and then gradually reducing the delay till the motor runs at full speed. Output from the comparators is fed through opto-isolators to trigger the SCRs. Further the project can be enhanced by using IGBTs in place of SCRs with PWM control to reduce harmonic distortions often encountered in SCR triggering mechanism.Item Electronic Soft Start of 3 Phase Induction Motor(2016-07-12T12:10:15Z) Saurav; Nitish, Kumar; SauravThe project is designed to provide a soft and smooth start to a 3 phase induction motor. The three phase induction motor during the initial starting condition draws up much higher current than its capacity and the motor instantly reaches the full speed. This results in a mechanical jerk and high electrical stress on the windings of the motor. Sometimes the windings may get burnt. The induction motor should start smoothly and gradually catch up the speed for a safer operation. This project is designed to give a soft start to the induction motor based on the SCR firing triggered by heavily delayed firing angle during starting and then gradually reducing the delay till it reaches zero voltage triggering. This results in low voltage during start and then gradually to full voltage. Thus the motor starts slowly and then slowly picks up to full speed. This project consists of a six anti-parallel SCRs, two for each phase, the output of which is connected to a set of lamps representing the coils of a 3 phase induction motor. The charging and discharging of capacitors is interfaced to comparators resulting in delayed firing pulses during start and then gradually reducing the delay till the motor runs at full speed. Output from the comparators is fed through opto-isolators to trigger the SCRs. Further the project can be enhanced by using IGBTs in place of SCRs with PWM control to reduce harmonic distortions often encountered in SCR triggering mechanism.Item Solar Powered LED Street Lighting with Auto Intensity Control(2016-07-12T12:06:19Z) Prashanth, S; Satya Prakash, Dixit; Swathi, .S; Vinita Kumari, JhakraThe main consideration in the present field technologies are Automation, Power consumption and cost effectiveness. Automation is intended to reduce man power with the help of intelligent systems. Power saving is the main consideration forever as the source of the power (Thermal, Hydro etc.,) are getting diminished due to various reasons. The idea of designing a new system for the streetlight that do not consume huge amount of electricity and illuminate large areas with the highest intensity of light is concerning each engineer working in this field. Providing street lighting is one of the most important and expensive responsibilities of a city. Energy efficient technologies and design mechanism can reduce cost of the street lighting drastically. There are various numbers of control strategy and methods in controlling the street light system such as design and implementation of CPLD based solar power saving system for street lights and automatic traffic controller, design and fabrication of automatic street light control system, automatic street light intensity control and road safety module using embedded system, automatic street light control system, Intelligent Street Lighting System Using Gsm, energy consumption saving solutions based on intelligent street lighting control system and A Novel Design of an Automatic Lighting Control System for a Wireless Sensor Network with Increased Sensor Lifetime and Reduced Sensor Numbers.Item Hysteresis Controlled Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor(2016-07-12T12:01:37Z) Pradipta, Sannyasi; Prasenjit, Dutta; Sonia, Patra; Sumit, ChatterjeeThe brushless motor if it is used in the fuel pump application needs a higher starting torque. And a closed loop application is needed to develop the constant speed operation even if the load is increased to the PMBLDC motor. This project is an attempt to develop a sensorless control of PMBLDC motor, which would provide a higher starting torque and constant speed operation. The removal of position sensor in the current speed control operation would reduce the cost of the implementation. The hysteresis controller is used to compensate the phase delay in the back EMFs due to Low Pass filter used in finding the Zero Crossing Detector (ZCD), as sensors are not used. The zero crossing detector would replace the activity of the hall effect sensor in the position sensing that is why this method is called the sensorless control. Matlab based implementation of the sensorless control of PMBLDC motor is carried out and the results are tabulated and inferred.Item Simulation and Implementation of High Efficiency Mosfet Transformer Less Inverter for Nonisolated Micro-Inverter Application(2016-07-12T11:57:40Z) Manjunatha, Goudar H E; Shabareesh, G; Sarang, G; K Kushal, KumarWith worldwide growing demand for electric energy, there has been a great interest in exploring photovoltaic (PV) sources. The PV microinverter has become a popular trend for its great flexibility in system installation and expansion, safety of low input voltage, and high system-level energy harnessing under shading. Because it is not mandatory for PV microinverters to have galvanic insulation, the nonisolated architecture, is an ideal choice for high efficiency design. Gu et al. reported a nonisolated high boost ratio dc–dc converter, which boosts PV panel voltage to around 380 V dc-link voltages for 240 V grid voltage and achieves high efficiency over wide input voltage range. In order to achieve high system efficiency and minimize the system common-mode (CM) voltage, the secondary stage of the nonisolated PV microinverter requires a high efficiency transformer-less inverter.Item Modelling and Implementation of PICO Hydro Electricity Generation Set(2016-07-12T11:52:11Z) Barun Kumar, Yadav; G.D Manasa, Devi; Karthik, M; Nikhitha, V.SThis paper describes the design and development of Pico-hydro generation system using consuming water distributed to houses. Water flow in the domestic pipes has kinetic energy that potential to generate electricity for energy storage purposes in addition to the routine activities such as laundry, cook and bathe. The inherent water pressure and flow inside the pipe from utility’s main tank that used for those usual activities is also used to rotate small scale hydro turbine to drive a generator for electrical power generation. Hence, this project is conducted to develop a small scale hydro generation system using consuming water distributed to houses as an alternative electrical energy source for residential use. Pico hydro refers to the smallest scale in a hydropower plant with a capacity of less than 5kW.This scheme is well suited in remote rural areas where transmission of power proves uneconomical. Pico-hydro plants can be installed at such places to power one or few homes. The power requirement at such location is minimal during off periods which can be utilized for charging batteries and other electronic gadgets. The Pico hydro plants can be installed at much lower financial requirements compared with solar plants and wind mills. The setup can be installed at run-of-stream (without dam) and the pipes divert some flow down a gradient through penstock and through the turbine before being exhausted back to the stream. Turbine types suit specific ranges of head, flow rate and shaft speed and are categorized by specific speed. In the Pico range, under 5kW the requirements are often different to that of larger scale turbines and qualitative requirements become more influential. Pico hydro turbines can be applied beyond these conventional application domains, for example at reduced heads, by using non-traditional components such as low speed generators. This paper describes a method to select which turbine architecture is most appropriate for a low-head Pico hydro specification using quantitative and qualitative analyses of 13 turbine system architectures found in literature. Quantitative and qualitative selection criteria are determined from the particular requirements of the end user. The individual scores from this analysis are weighted based on perceived relative importance of each of the criteria against the original specification and selects a turbine variant based on the total weighted score. This methodology is applied to an example of a remote site, low head and variable flow specification and used to select a Bunki turbine for this specification.Item Design and Implementation of Pedal Powered Generator(2016-07-12T11:47:51Z) Baiju B, Nambiar; Kishore, Kumar O; B, Ashwin; Shaik, IrshadIt is known that the supplies of fossil fuels are limited and their utilization as energy source causes environmental degradation due to unfinished ignition when used as energy source, in addition to this as the world population increases, the order for energy sources increases, so the issue of a steady replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energy source is of major consideration for most of the countries. Renewable power generation system is currently preferred for clean power generation. With ongoing revolution in the generation, electricity is generated at small level by using bicycle pedal. Power generated by pedaling can be converted from mechanical to electrical energy by using a Car Alternator.Item Buck-Boost Converter Fed BLDC Motor Drive for Solar PV Array based Water Pumping(2016-07-12T11:44:09Z) Babin Gharti, Magar; Shashwat, Swaroop; Jitendra, GautamSolar photovoltaic (SPV) array based water pumping is receiving wide attention now days because the everlasting solar energy is the best alternative to the conventional energy sources. This paper deals with the utilization of a buck-boost converter in solar PV array based water pumping as an intermediate DC-DC converter between a solar PV array and a voltage source inverter (VSI) in order to achieve the maximum efficiency of the solar PV array and the soft starting of the permanent magnet brushless DC (BLDC) motor by proper switch, the buck-boost converter exhibits very good conversion efficiency. Moreover, buck–boost DC–DC converter topology is the only one allowing follow-up of the PV array maximum power point (MPP) regardless of temperature, irradiance, and connected load. A BLDC motor is employed to drive a centrifugal type of water pump because its load characteristic is well matched to the maximum power locus of the PV generator. The transient, dynamic and steady state behaviors of the proposed solar PV array powered buck-boost converter fed BLDC motor driven water pumping system are evaluated under the rapid and slowly varying atmospheric conditions using the sim-power-system toolboxes of the MATLAB/Simulink enviroment.Item Implementation of Bidirectional Rotation of Induction Motor Without Run Capacitor(2016-07-12T11:39:18Z) Ashher, Aziz; K.M.D, Zaki Ahmed; Manan, Patel; Rakshitha, PA capacitor run single phase induction motor is usually a 2 phase asymmetrically wound motor. The main winding is designed to take the load current. The current flowing through the start winding having a capacitor in series, is much less than the main winding . In order to produce the magnetic force produced by the start winding very near to the main winding the start winding has additional turns, higher resistance and reduced current flowing through it. This makes the motor windings asymmetrical. The value of the capacitor is so chosen that the total impedance on the start winding produces sufficient phase shift of about 90 degrees to generate a rotating magnetic field. Using a microcontroller with a 3 phase bridge and using one as the common and the other 2 as 2 phases out of phase by 90 degrees produces the same effect. The program also takes care of reversing the rotation by automatically reversing the phases upon a push button.Item Automatic Controlling of Electrical Devices Using Active Phase Selector for Single Phase Load From Three Phase Supply and Detection of Phase Fault(2016-07-12T11:35:08Z) Amit, Kumar; Anjali, Kumari; Pradeep, Choudhary; S., Masooda KhanamPhase absence is a very common and severe problem in any industry, home or office. Many times one or two phases may not be live in three phase supply. Because of this, many times, some electrical appliances will be on in one room and OFF in another room. This creates a big disturbance to our routine work. This project is designed to check the availability of any live phase, and the load will be connected to the particular live phase only. Even a single phase is available, and then also, the load will be in ON condition. If two or three phases are live, the load will be connected to phase I only. An LCD is provided to display the status of the phase condition. The purpose of the project is to provide the supply for the single phase load from the one of the active phase of the 3-phase supply.Item Design and Development of High Current Supply With Constant Current System for HHO Cell a Green Energy System(2016-07-12T11:30:20Z) Alok, Kumar; Ayuesh, Tiwari; Niraj, Kumar; Sanjeev Kumar, SinghOur project is design to generate this gas at constant rate to that HHO cells runs smoothly and with proper efficiency. A constant current system is designed to run the HHO cell with current monitoring and pwm methods are used to control the current with the help of power MOSFET and embedded system. Currently all countries are facing a common problem of fossil fuel shortages, and many researchers are finding various solution to provide green energy. A large part of energy requirement is there in the transport cars, bike, buses, and trucks, auto-rickshaw etc. current these vehicles run on gasoline (petrol) or diesel. And in most cases fuel is not combusted efficiently in these vehicles and black thick smoke is seen in exhaust. Our system uses HHO cell to generate hydrogen gas using electrolysis of water. This gas is added in low percentage along with fuel which increases the mileage by 20-30%. Not only mileage it cleans system from inside and removes all carbon deposits.Item Optimal Battery Usage and Harmonic Reduction in Swapped Cascaded Multilevel Inverter(2016-07-12T11:25:20Z) Abdul, Wali; Abhishek, Kumar; Anamika, Sharma; Meghna, RajThe power electronics device which converts DC power to AC power at required output voltage and frequency level is known as inverter. Inverters can be broadly classified into single level inverter and multilevel inverter. This paper presents swapping of single-phase Cascaded Multilevel Inverter that uses four cascaded H-bridge power cells to optimize the usage of batteries or solar cells. Swapping of H-bridge inverters involves phase switching between the H-bridges. This method balances the battery utilization time in each cell which has been developed and simulated. The analysis of the total run-time of the batteries and battery discharge are worked out and the results are compared with conventional Cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverters. The harmonics due to switching devices is reduced by using selective harmonic elimination method (SHE). The proposed inverter configuration will provide comparatively low power loss while comparing with other conventional inverters with the same output quality.Item Design and Implementation of Drop Weight Generator(2016-07-12T11:20:45Z) Sujitha, A; Thongam Boldson, Singh; Suraj, Suresh; Venu, M.SConserving energy has become the biggest issue in present scenario. Due to the development and modernization the electricity demand is increasing at high extent. To fulfil this demand globally which is without any harmful effect on environment is possible by using gravity power generation. The reason behind generating power by using gravity is that it is available all over the earth. Comparing to the other sources like chemical, thermal and other sources gravity is weak, is scalable. This weakness is due to uniformity, or steady state of our interactions with gravity. The concept of Drop Weight Generator is simple. The basic concept of gravity power generation mechanism is, when a body moves down from higher altitude to lower one its potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. This motion is converted into circular motion and that circular motion is converted into electricity by using a Car Alternator.Item Design and Development of Impulse Generator for Output of 90kV, 1.2us/50us Lightning Impulse(2016-07-12T11:16:41Z) Roshni, Sholapurwala; Gaurav Kumar, Singh; S, PareshTo Design and develop an impulse generator with 10 stages, using Marx circuit. The generator will have its own High Voltage Variable Power Supply and will generate fast rise time pulses with rise times of 1.2μs and tail time will be 50μs. The aim is to have an extremely compact and portable machine to serve various purposes such as testing and research applications. The method followed is using a Marx circuit with 10 stages. The individual voltage at each stage is 20kV, hence at the end of 10 stages we get around 180kV, after the losses. The wave shaping components are designed and developed to achieve the output where the rise time of 1.2 μs and tail time of 50 μs. There are various security aspects which are considered for safe usage such as, secure grounding, and a discharge stick is provided, manual and remote triggering.Item Modelling of Automatic Power Switching Control Using ARM Microcontroller(2016-07-12T11:11:10Z) Nidhi, T; Pooja, Rani; Priyanka, AgarwalThe main aim of any electric power supply in the world is to provide uninterrupted power supply at all times to all its consumers. Although, in developing countries, the electric power generated to meet the demands of the growing consumers of electricity is insufficient, hence power instability or outage occurs. Power instability and outage in general does not promote development in the public and private sector of the country‘s economy. The investors do not feel secure to come into a country with constant power failure. These limit the development of industries , in addition, there are processes that cannot be interrupted because of their importance for instance, surgery operation in hospitals, transfer of money between banks and lots more. Power instability and outage creates a need for alternative source of power to backup the mains supply. A microcontroller-based automatic power switching or changeover finds a wide application scope wherever the reliability of electrical supply from the utilities is low and it is used in areas wherever continuity of power supply is necessary, for switching to an alternative source from main supply and vice versa.Item Design and Development of Energy Storage Capacitor Discharge Spot Welding Machine(2016-07-12T11:06:50Z) Megha, Shree M.N; S.M, Salim; Jaideep, BhagatDesign and development of an energy storage capacitor discharge spot welding machine, rated at 350V and 150 joules of energy. In this welding process a bank of capacitor are charged to a pre-set voltage and then discharged through a welding transformer. A very high current is passed in a very short time resulting in process of welding. As the machine requires power for charging the capacitor banks, the power requirement is negligible as compared to any other welding process. As weld time is very less (3-12 milliseconds), there is a negligible heating of welded components. This paper describes in detail the design and development ofan energy storage capacitor discharge spot welding machine.Item A Integrated Battery Charger for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles(2016-07-12T11:02:00Z) Megha, Shree R; Bhargavi, K; Arpitha, S.SThe electric vehicle are the need of the hour nowadays due to increase in the price of petrol and diesel. The vehicles are highly polluting the environment nowadays. The hybrid electric vehicles solve the problem defined. Due to on-board type of charger is should be light in weight and should occupy less space as it should be on the vehicle all the time, so the smaller the better and of course, it is very important to minimize the cost of the charger. For a plug in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), when the battery is charging from the grid, the vehicle should be parked. The traction system components are normally not engaged during the charging time, thus it is possible to reconfigure these components for the battery charger system. This manuscript proposes a integrated on-board charger topology for PHEVS with minimum no of switches in comparison to the convectional charges while using only one inductor for all operation modes, that is project presents a new charging and discharging circuit for hybrid electric vehicles. The operation mode of charger can be divided into three modes: boosting drive motor mode, directly drive motor mode and charging mode. The analysis of these three modes has been explained in detail and the control scheme is also introduced in this paper. This analysis proved that proposed topology successfully operates in motoring, driving and charging modes with a power factor above 0.9 and total harmonic distortion of less than 5%. The final topology can be seen in Fig.3.1. It includes two modules: 1. An AC-DC rectifier that converters 220V AC to around 400V DC. 2. A Full Bridge Buck-Boost DC-DC converter (with the Inductor in secondary side) that steps down the DC voltage from 400V to 300~ 400V to supply the battery terminals.Item Online and Offline Solar Inverter(2016-07-12T10:57:51Z) Ankita, Niket; Anupama, Ramesan; Avinaba, Dutta; Maria, ThomasAn inverter can be used in a solar module based power system to convert direct current (DC) from a photovoltaic (PV) array into alternating current (AC) for use with home appliances or an AC utility grid. A modified charger is used to charge the battery from solar panels as well as the mains. This inverter serves two modes of operation. • Online mode: When the battery is fully charged, and there is enough solar energy available, the charger circuit is open circuited and the current from the solar panel is made to pass through a voltage regulator to an inverter directly. The voltage regulator maintains the voltage level at 12V. • Offline mode: In this mode of operation, the current from the solar panel charges the battery through solar charger. The charging is indicated by battery level indicator. Once the battery is charged and there is no solar energy available the inverter supplies the power to the load through battery. A DPDT switch is used to switch between offline and online mode.Item Design of a Low Cost Motor Parameter Monitoring System(2016-07-12T10:53:19Z) Anjana, Devis; Rajee, V; Vinitha, A; Shaik, Abdullah JThis project main idea is to monitor the parameters of motor such as voltage, current, temperature and speed. The main component of this project isPIC16F877A which is a PIC microcontroller. The PIC microcontroller is used to measured data from the various sensors output and the output of sensor will be converted digitally before the input is fed into microcontroller by means of ADC0804. The microcontroller job is to scan the data input from sensors and displays the value of input on the LCD display for monitoring purpose. This motor parameter monitoring system also had a function to stop the motor wherever the parameters are void, as a prototype model, 12V DC motor is used to avoid the risk of shock and other hazards as being a beginner. The microcontroller will continuously monitors all the sensors and if any parameter of motor is void, the alarm circuit will be switch on and the motor will be disconnect from the power source.