Blockchain based voting system
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
New Horizon College of Engineering
Abstract
This project presents a secure and transparent Blockchain-Based Voting System integrated with Geo-Fencing, designed to address the critical challenges of modern electoral processes. Traditional paper-based and electronic voting systems suffer from problems such as lack of transparency, centralized control, vote tampering, limited auditability, and vulnerabilities in both physical and digital infrastructures. Internet-based voting systems, while convenient, face additional threats including cyberattacks, DDoS disruptions, weak authentication, and absence of geographical verification. These constraints highlight the need for a technologically advanced, tamper-proof, and jurisdiction-compliant voting mechanism.
The proposed system leverages blockchain technology to ensure immutability, decentralization, transparency, and end-to-end verifiability of votes. Every vote is recorded as a cryptographically secured transaction on a decentralized ledger, eliminating the risk of unauthorized modification. The use of smart contracts ensures automatic enforcement of election rules, prevents duplicate voting, validates voter eligibility, and supports real-time tallying without manual intervention. By eliminating the need for a central authority, the system enhances trust and provides a fully auditable election trail.
To strengthen jurisdictional compliance, a Geo-Fencing module is incorporated that validates whether the voter is physically within the authorized constituency or polling boundary before vote submission. The system captures real-time GPS coordinates with ±10-meter accuracy, verifies location using the point-in-polygon algorithm, and generates a signed location token as proof. This ensures that all votes originate from approved locations, preventing cross-border or unauthorized remote voting, and aligning with legal election requirements.