Hardware implementation of smart wearable device with multi sensor integration for search and rescue operations
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Date
2025
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Publisher
NHCE
Abstract
Search and rescue operations are inherently risky, often taking place in unpredictable and hazardous environments. Personnel face numerous dangers, including physical injuries, exposure to toxic substances, and disorientation.
Traditional methods for tracking personnel and monitoring environmental conditions during these operations rely on bulky equipment, intermittent communication, and delayed data transmission, hindering effective decision-making and jeopardizing rescuer safety. This thesis presents the development and evaluation of a novel "Smart Wearable Device" designed to address these limitations and revolutionize search and rescue operations by enhancing safety, efficiency, and situational awareness.
This device integrates a comprehensive suite of sensors into a compact, wearable unit, providing real-time data on both the rescuer's physiological condition and the surrounding environment. Physiological monitoring includes heart rate and galvanic skin response (GSR) sensors, offering insights into the wearer's physical exertion and stress levels. Environmental monitoring capabilities encompass gas detection (MQ135, MQ2) for identifying hazardous substances, particulate matter measurement (PMS7003) to assess air quality, and temperature sensing (Dallas DS18B20) for detecting potential hypothermia or hyperthermia risks. These physiological and environmental data points contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the rescuer's well-being and the challenges posed by the operational environment.
By precise location tracking using GPS and MEMS sensors, enabling continuous monitoring of the rescuer's position and movement. This real-time location data is relayed wirelessly via a GSM module, facilitating immediate response in case of emergencies or deviations from the planned route. A dedicated SOS button allows rescuers to instantly transmit distress signals to a central command unit, ensuring prompt assistance in critical situations. All sensor data is processed by an Arduino Mega and transmitted to a cloud platform via a NodeMCU module, enabling remote monitoring and analysis by the command center.
This cloud connectivity allows for real-time visualization of the rescuer's location, physiological status, and surrounding environmental conditions, providing a comprehensive overview of the situation and facilitating informed decision-making.
By combining real-time data acquisition, wireless communication, and an intuitive interface, this Smart Wearable Device aims to bridge the information gap that often hinders effective search and rescue operations.This Smart Wearable Device has the potential to revolutionize search and rescue operations by empowering rescuers with real-time information, enhancing communication capabilities, and ultimately, increasing the safety and effectiveness of those who dedicate themselves to saving lives.